He's still alive, ain't he?". Mormon vigilantes, including many Danites, raided two towns believed to be centers of anti-Mormon activity, burning homes and stealing goods.22 Though . On September 7, Smith and Lyman Wight appeared before Judge Austin A. [34] King, on charges of treason, murder, arson, burglary, robbery, larceny and perjury. Mapping Mormon History [85], Surrounded by the state militia, the mood in besieged Far West was uneasy. [50] Boggs, however, ignored this plea and continued to wait as events unravelled. Most refugees made their way east to Illinois, where residents of the town of Quincy helped them. [74], None of the Missourians were ever prosecuted for their role in the Haun's Mill Massacre. [50] Boggs, however, ignored this plea and continued to wait as events unravelled. On June 19, the dissenters and their families fled to neighboring counties where their complaints fanned anti-Mormon sentiment. As the year went on, there were a number of armed conflicts between Mormons and Missourians. The Mormons believedafter a revelation recorded on June 6, 1831that if they were righteous they would inherit the land held by others ("which is now the land of your enemies") in Missouri. [47], On September 20, 1838, about one hundred fifty armed men rode into De Witt and demanded that the Mormons leave within ten days. They committed a form ritualized murder known as Blood Atonement. Executive paralysis permitted terrorism, which forced Mormons to self-defense, which was immediately labeled as an "insurrection," and was put down by the activated militia of the county. ISBN-10: 0826207294. Of the Missourians, only one, Moses Rowland, was killed. When a Mormon band plundered and burned the Taylor home, one young Mormon, Benjamin F Johnson, argued his fellow vigilantes into leaving a horse for a pregnant Mrs Taylor and her children to ride to safety. If they choose to remain, we must be content. Sheriff J.H. On Sunday, October 14, a small company of state militia under the command of Colonel William A. Dunn of Clay County arrived in Far West. They believed that the Native Americans were descendants of Israelites and proselytized among them extensively. 3 Shot, Sumter Mob Hangs Negro. [105] One resolution passed by the Quincy town council read: Resolved: That the gov of Missouri, in refusing protection to this class of people when pressed upon by an heartless mob, and turning upon them a band of unprincipled Militia, with orders encouraging their extermination, has brought a lasting disgrace upon the state over which he presides.[106]. "[82][83][84] 1838 Mormon War The Missourians and their families, outnumbered by the Mormons, made their way to neighboring counties. But problems only multiplied when Mormons settled in large numbers during a relatively short period of time in this region. Atchison said further, "I would respectfully suggest to your Excellency the propriety of a visit to the scene of excitement in person, or at all events, a strong proclamation" as the only way to restore peace and the rule of law. [63] (affidavit). As a result of the war, nearly all Mormons in Missouri, estimated at more than ten thousand, were forced to leave the state. Ironically, as a result of his kindness, he was the only Mormon who was positively identified to have participated in the home burnings. Install. [31], In the speech, Rigdon declared that the Latter Day Saints would no longer be driven from their homes by persecution from without or dissension from within, and that if enemies came again to drive out the Saints, "And that mob that comes on us to disturb us, it shall be between us and them a war of extermination; for we will follow them until the last drop of their blood is spilled; or else they will have to exterminate us, for we will carry the seat of war to their own houses and their own families, and one party or the other shall be utterly destroyed"[26], The Gallatin Election Day Battle was a skirmish between Mormon and non-Mormon settlers in the newly formed Daviess County, Missouri, on August 6, 1838. Major General Samuel D. Lucas marched the state militia to Far West and laid siege to the Mormon headquarters. The militia promptly arrested Smith and the other leaders. On November 1, 1838, Smith surrendered at Far West, the church's headquarters, ending the war. The state militia broke ranks and fled across the river. Agnes Smith, a sister-in-law of Joseph, was chased from her home with two small children when her home was burned. I can tell whatever I want to. Parks wrote his superior, General Atchison, that "a word from his Excellency would have more power to quell this affair than a regiment. Phelps testified that throughout the summer and fall he received assurances from the citizens of Ray and Clay counties that no mobs were being raised against the Saints in that quarter.66 William Swartzell, a Mormon resident of Diahman, recorded that the Mormons were the only ones talking about mobs at this timehe had heard nothing from the . Office of the Secretary of State of Missouri (1841). Doniphan already had troops raised to prevent fighting between Mormons and anti-Mormons in Daviess County. Executive paralysis permitted terrorism, which forced Mormons to self-defense, which was immediately labeled as an "insurrection", and was put down by the activated militia of the county. W. W. Phelps (Mormon) / 40.777; -111.858 ( Salt Lake City Cemetery) William Wines Phelps (February 17, 1792 - March 7, 1872) was an early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement. [83] The mob gave no quarter. Smith was charged for treason but escaped custody and fled to Illinois with the remainder of the estimated 10,000 Missouri Mormons, establishing the new settlement of Nauvoo. Journal History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Lilburn Boggs, as a Jackson county resident, and as Lieutenant Governor, was in a position to observe and assist in executing the tactics described by one Mormon historian: In 1833 Boggs passively saw community leaders and officials sign demands for Mormon withdrawal, and next force a gunbarrel contract to abandon the county before spring plantinganti-Mormon goals were reached in a few simple stages. With one child in each arm, she waded across an icy creek to safety in Adam-ondi-Ahman. Rumor reached Far West that a mob of vigilantes from Ray County had taken Mormons prisoner and an armed party was quickly assembled to rescue these prisoners and push the mob out of the county. We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. [40][41], On July 30, citizens of Carroll County met in Carrollton to discuss the Mormon colonization of De Witt. On Sunday, October 14, a small company of state militia under the command of Colonel William A. Dunn of Clay County arrived in Far West. The church relocated from Kirtland to Far West, which became its new headquarters. Hyrum Smith, Brigham Young, and other leaders left at Far West warned the veterans of Crooked River to flee. The presidency responded by urging the dissenters to leave the county, using strong words that the dissenters interpreted as threats. John Corrill, one of the Mormon leaders, remembered: In 1837, problems at the church's headquarters in Kirtland, Ohio, centering around the Kirtland Safety Society bank, led to schism. [4] All of the conflicts in the Mormon War occurred in a corridor 100 miles (160km) to the east and northeast of Kansas City. [65] The Mormon War literallty changed the course of Missouri history.Caldwell and Daviess counties were carved out of the frontier specifically for Mormon settlers experiencing problems in Ray and other organized counties. The Mormons' economic cohesion allowed for them to dominate the local economy and also became a large voting bloc, threatening the interests of the . [99], Smith and the other Mormons resettled in Nauvoo, Illinois, beginning in 1839. Dunn, acting under the orders of Doniphan, continued on to Adam-ondi-Ahman. What it's about: Not strictly . [56], Even Missourians who had been friendly to the Mormons were not spared. This literature review will focus on the time period from 1838 to 1839, during which the Mormon War took place. The orders of the governor to me were, that you should be exterminated, and not allowed to remain in the state, and had your leaders not been given up, and the terms of the treaty complied with, before this, you and your families would have been destroyed and your houses in ashes."[96]. On the Mormon side, Gideon Carter was killed in the battle and nine other Mormons were wounded, including Patten, who soon after died from his wounds. General Parks arrived with the Ray County militia on October 6, but his order to disperse was ignored by the mob. [26], The "Election Day Battle at Gallatin" was a skirmish between Mormon and non-Mormon settlers in the newly formed Daviess County, Missouri, on August 6, 1838. Las fechas especficas de la guerra son desde el 6 de agosto de 1838 (la batalla de la eleccin de Galatin) hasta el 1 de noviembre de 1838 cuando Joseph Smith se rindi en la ciudad de Far West. Sampson Avard (October 23, 1800 - April 15, 1869) was one of the founders and leaders of the Mormon vigilantes known as the Danites . Mormon is a nickname used by non-members taken from the Book of Mormon, scriptures translated by Joseph Smith by the power of God from an ancient record. While Mormons were viewed as deluded or worse, many Missourians agreed with the sentiment expressed in the Southern Advocate: By what color of propriety a portion of the people of the State, can organize themselves into a body, independent of the civil power, and contravene the general laws of the land by preventing the free enjoyment of the right of citizenship to another portion of the people, we are at a loss to comprehend. They moved into a blacksmith shop, which they hoped to use as a makeshift defensive fortification. [24] Possession became unclear and the dissenters threatened the church with lawsuits. The Settlement of The Peculiar People in Jackson County. [74], Most Mormons gathered to Far West and Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection. [13][45], Some isolated Mormons in outlying areas also came under attack. On October 11, Mormon leaders agreed to abandon the settlement and move to Caldwell County. One key skirmish was the Battle of Crooked River, which involved Missouri state troops and a group of Saints. [4] My brigade shall march for Liberty to-morrow morning, at 8 o'clock, and if you execute those men, I will hold you responsible before an earthly tribunal, so help me God! [1], Meanwhile, a group of non-Mormons from Clinton, Platte, and other counties began to harass Mormons in Daviess County, burning outlying homes and plundering property. [57], Thomas B. Marsh, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the church, and fellow Apostle Orson Hyde were alarmed by the events of the Daviess County expedition. [113], Whatever the case, the following year Rockwell was arrested, tried, and acquitted of the attempted murder,[111] although most of Boggs' contemporaries remained convinced of his guilt. The county seat, Gallatin, is reported to have been "completely gutted" only one shoe store remained unscathed. 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