Admission to an institute of higher education is selective and highly competitive:[105] first-degree courses usually take five years. ", "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", ". . . He also informed the students about the events that took place in the regions on the occasion of the 1100th anniversary of the adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgaria. Thus, combatting Islamophobia is sacrosanct. [73] The Azeris have also historically and still currently been nominally followers of Shi'a Islam, as their republic split off from the Soviet Union, significant number of Azeris immigrated to Russia in search of work. 19271959". The Islamic Cultural Center of Russia, which includes a madrassa (religious school), opened in Moscow in 1991. More than 90% of Muslims in Russia adhere to the Sunni Islam. Questions or comments, e-mail ajhays98@yahoo.com, Minorities - Muslims, Jews and Old Believers. [65] Aslan Maskhadov's government was unable to rebuild the region or to prevent a number of warlords from taking effective control. [67], At the end of the Second Chechen War, in 2005, Chechen rebel leader, Abdul-Halim Sadulayev, decreed the formation of a Caucasus Front against Russia, among Islamic believers in the North Caucasus, in an attempt to widen Chechnya's conflict with Russia. [64], Russian president Vladimir Putin has allowed the de facto implementation of Sharia law in Chechnya by Ramzan Kadyrov, including polygamy and enforced veiling. Its Muslim population is expected to rise from 16.4 million in 2010 to 18.6 million in 2030. [13], In the mid-7th century AD, as part of the Muslim conquest of Persia, Islam was introduced to the Caucasus region, parts of which were later permanently incorporated by Russia. It is the most spoken native language in Europe, the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, as well as the world's most widely spoken Slavic language. The number of Muslims is increasing, in part because their birthrate is higher. The Grand Mufti of Russia, Sheikh Rawil Gaynetdin, places the Muslim population of Russia at 25 million as of 2018. The population identifying as Christian dropped from 59% in 2011 to 46% this time, mainly due to the people with no religion . In 2021 Putin announced that some 20% of Russian aviation industry employees are Muslims. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit. ", "The North Caucasus Bilingualism and Language Identity", "Usage statistics of content languages for websites", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, "Linguistic rights and education in the republics of the Russian Federation: towards unity through uniformity", "Linguistic Diversity In Russia Is A Threat To Sovereignty Or A Condition Of Cohesion? Christianity is becoming a religion of the past; Islam appears that of the future. [83] The mayor of Moscow claims that four mosques are sufficient for the population. [4][5] However, the populations of two federal subjects with Islamic majorities were not surveyed due to social unrest, which together had a population of nearly 2 million, namely Chechnya and Ingushetia,[6] thus the total number of Muslims may be slightly larger. Muslims are the second largest community after Hindus forming 14.6% of the total population in Republic of India. India in numbers India now has 966.3 million Hindus,. Afterward, the Ottoman Empire offered to harbor the Circassians who did not wish to accept the rule of a Christian monarch, and many emigrated to Anatolia (the heart of the Ottoman Empire) and ended up in modern Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Iraq, and Kosovo. There are over 5,000 registered religious Muslim organizations,[12] equivalent to over one sixth of the number of registered Russian Orthodox religious organizations of about 29,268 as of December 2006. Moscow has the largest Muslim community in Europe. Asia's population increased from 1.4 billion in 1950 to 4.7 billion in. Russias Muslim-majority regions, including republics in the North Caucasus and the republic of Tatarstan, are known to have the highest birth rates in the country, reflecting similar trends worldwide. Albania - 1.587.608 - 56% of total population Andorra - less than 1000 - 0.01% of total population Austria - 573.876 - 6.8% of total population Belarus - 19.000 - 0.2% of total population Belgium - 658.463 - 5.9% of total population Bosnia&Herzegovina - 1.790.454 - 50.7% of total population The KGB watched over Islamic organizations. Education is in Russian and Tatar. to your sister when you were really talking about praying." Copies of the Quran (Koran) are readily available, and many mosques are being built in regions with large Muslim populations. [4] This compares with a world population growth rate of 1.12% per year [5], and according to the World Christian Encyclopaedia, between 1990 and 2000, Islam received around 865,558 converts . [23] The government of Russia paid Islamic scholars from the Ural-Volga area working among the Kazakhs[24], Islamic slavery did not have racial restrictions. [11], Muslims form a majority of the population of the republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan in the Volga Federal District and predominate among the nationalities in the North Caucasian Federal District located between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea: the Circassians, Balkars, Chechens, Ingush, Kabardin, Karachay, and numerous Dagestani peoples. Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Russia - official website, Russia Mufties Council - official website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Russia&oldid=1118586644, This page was last edited on 27 October 2022, at 20:33. In a recent interview, Gaynetdin has told Anadolu. In 2006, in a bid to compensate for the country's demographic decline, the Russian government started simplifying immigration laws and launched a state program "for providing assistance to voluntary immigration of ethnic Russians from former Soviet republics". Population Research and Policy Review, 2008, 27: 551574. According to the United Nations, Russia's immigrant population is the third-largest in the world, numbering over 11.6 million in 2016;[18] most of which are from post-Soviet states, mainly Ukrainians. [76] The III International Conference on Hajj Management attended by some 170 delegates from 12 counties was held in Kazan from 7 9 July 2011. Ivan the Terrible subjugated the Tatars and forcibly converted[citation needed] some of them to Christianity. The rector of the madrasah Ilyas hazrat Ziganshin and the first deputy head of the Executive Committee of the World Congress of the Tatars Mars Tukaev also took part in the meeting. However, the Chechen government's grip on Chechnya was weak, especially outside the ruined capital Grozny. I look around and if I dont see any obstacles, Ill go beat up this guy and maybe even kill him and Ill have as much joy as if I bought a car.. The Muslim population still grows at a faster rate than the Hindu population, but the gap between the two growth rates is narrowing fast. Harassment and attacks of people from the Caucasus increased after terrorist attacks involving Chechens. In the 2021 census, there were 3.9 million Muslims (6.5%): an increase of 44% in just ten years. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is a majority Muslim country with 96% of the population following Sunni Islam while a small minority follow Shiite branches. By 2022 approx 20-21 crores or 15% of the population are Muslims In India. Only the old men know it. Minority groups", " ", "Moscow mayor: No more mosques in my city", "7500 Mosques Have Been Erected In Russia Since Putin Became President", "Moscow's Muslims find no room in the mosque", "Litvinenko converted to Islam father says", "On The Road | British investigators land in Moscow", Reasons and Consequences: Banning Hadiths and Seerah in Russia, onislam.net, History of Hajj in Russia from 18th to 21st century, Islam in Russia (History & Facts), onislam.net, Chris Kutschera - "The Rebirth of Islam in Tatarstan", Russia has a Muslim dilemma Ethnic Russians hostile to Muslims, Islam, Russian Orthodox Church Relations and the State in Post-communist Russia. In one two week campaign in the early 2000s, 9,000 people, most from the Caucasus, were forcibly deported and another 10,000 left of their own. Russia for Russians: Some irresponsible politicians want to achieve electoral success by creating nationalist waves., When they say Russia is for Russians, its a mistaken path that could lead to the break-up of the Russian Federation., Also in 2007, Alexander Belov, from the Movement Against Illegal Immigration, said: History is a fight between races and religions., Its the law of nature people are used to being with people like themselves, speaking the language their mothers taught them.. The Russian army rounded up people, driving Muslims from their villages to ports on the Black Sea, where they awaited ships provided by the neighboring Ottoman Empire. Hall & Company, Boston); New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Times of London, Lonely Planet Guides, Library of Congress, U.S. government, Comptons Encyclopedia, The Guardian, National Geographic, Smithsonian magazine, The New Yorker, Time, Newsweek, Reuters, AP, AFP, Wall Street Journal, The Atlantic Monthly, The Economist, Foreign Policy, Wikipedia, BBC, CNN, and various books, websites and other publications. In March 1999, Maskhadov closed down the Chechen parliament and introduced aspects of Sharia. "This is not true of Muslim-majority countries . Russian Shias are mainly Azeris and Tajiks from Pamir and they are small in number. Russians, Germans, Belarusians and Ukrainians). In the census of 2011, there were 2.7 million Muslims (4.9% of the population). [72] In a few areas, notably Dagestan and Chechnya, there is a tradition of Sunni Sufism, which is represented by Naqshbandi and Shadhili schools, whose spiritual master Said Afandi al-Chirkawi received hundreds of visitors daily. The Muslim Spiritual Authority is in the city of Ufa. Putin has called for tolerance and stated that Islam is a peaceful religion but at same time he has characterized the war in Chechnya as battle between Christians and Muslims and has said, If you are a Christian you are in danger.. There are also an additional 3 million to 4 million migrants from former Soviet states. [99] According to various reports, the proportion of Atheists in Russia is between 16% and 48% of the population. Most Shias live in Derbent, southern Dagestan. XX .). The Muslims in Tatarstan are majorly ethnic Muslims, who are direct descendants of the earliest Muslims in Russia, called the Volga Bulgars. One of the two Russian boards has jurisdiction in European Russia and Siberia, and the other is responsible for the Muslim enclaves of the North Caucasus and Transcaspian regions. Ravil Gainutdin, the chairman of the Council of Muftis, a religious group representing Russias Muslim community. The growth rate for the Muslim population in Russia is projected to be 0.6% annually over the next two decades. Sufi rituals, practiced to give the Chechens spiritual strength to resist foreign oppression, became legendary among Russian troops fighting the Chechens during tsarist times. [69] Putin is believed to have backed protests by Muslims in Russia against Charlie Hebdo cartoons and the West.[70]. The majority of India's Muslims are Sunni (85%), with Shia making up 13% of the population. [Source: Library of Congress, July 1996 *]. They came to a city that is currently known as Derbent, it is in Southern Dagestan. For that reason, the Russian government has provided extensive military and political support to secular leaders of the five Central Asian republics, all of whom are publicly opposed to political Islam. Given the demographic changes, Muslims will represent one third (the downward estimate) and half (the upward estimate) of the Russian population . The number of mosques dropped from 34,000 in the former Soviet Union before 1917 to 400 afterwards, Under Stalin, Muslim leaded were deported and sent to labor camps. Since Soviet times, the Russian government has divided Russia into a number of Muslim Spiritual Directorates. In Islam, each country has its own spiritual institutionalisation.. Within each state, excluding, say, 3 or 5 richest districts, rest should get them in proportion to their population. [19] The Russians initially demonstrated a willingness in allowing Islam to flourish as Muslim clerics were invited into the various regions to preach to the Muslims, particularly the Kazakhs, whom the Russians viewed with contempt. The Ash-Shafii Islamic Institute in Dagestan is the only such research institution in Russia. Speaking at a conference in Moscow, Sheikh Ravil Gainutdin said the number of Muslims in Russia has been growing with every passing day. In 1996 the Muslim population of Russia was estimated at 19 percent of all citizens professing belief in a religion. [61] Tatar Muslims are engaging in a revival under Putin. ", "Traffic jams and desperation at the border as Russians flee Putin's 'partial mobilization', "Forced to fight your own people: How Russia is weaponizing passports", "Human Rights in the Occupied Territories of Georgia", "Russian rivieia: from Soviet sanatoriums to lush gardens, your walking guide to seaside Sochi", "Constraints on Universal Health Care in the Russian Federation", United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, "Healthcare in Russia: the Russian healthcare system explained", "Current health expenditure (% of GDP) Russian Federation", "Analysis of the Financing of Russian Health Care over the Past 100 Years", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country", "Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Russian Federation", "Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? [44] Muslims were exempt from military conscription during World War I. Other areas with notable Muslim minorities include Moscow, Saint Petersburg, the republics of Adygea, North Ossetia-Alania and Astrakhan, Moscow, Orenburg and Ulyanovsk oblasts. [5], Recognized under the law and by Russian political leaders as one of Russia's traditional religions, Islam is a part of Russian historical heritage, and is subsidized by the Russian government. " Russia's Turning Muslim, Says Mufti " is the startling headline in the Times of London today. Among the top 500 volleyball players in the world, she is training to help Egypt's beach volleyball team qualify for a second time in the 2024 Olympics, with new teammate Farida El Askalany. Later that year, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan withdrew recognition from the muftiate for European Russia and Siberia and created their own muftiate. 2005. - . 3 Historical Muslim population 4 See also 5 References By region [ edit] World [ edit] The six fastest-growing religions in the world are estimated to be Islam (1.84%), the Bah Faith (1.70%), Sikhism (1.62%), Jainism (1.57%), Hinduism (1.52%), and Christianity (1.38%), with high birth rates being cited as the major reason. Talgat Tadzhuddin was the Chief Mufti of Russia. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, more than 300,000 Russian citizens and residents are estimated to have left Russia by mid-March 2022, at least 500,000 by the end of August 2022, and an additional 400,000 by early October,[citation needed] as political refugees, economic migrants, and conscientious objectors,[44][45][46][47][48] making a total of approximately 900,000. The Russian Federation inherited two of the four spiritual boards, or muftiates, created during the Stalinist era to supervise the religious activities of Islamic groups in various parts of the Soviet Union; the other two are located in Tashkent and Baku. [39] Napoleon faced light mounted Bashkir forces. Percentage of Muslims in Russia by region: According to the 2010 Russian census, Moscow has less than 300,000 permanent residents of Muslim background, while some estimates suggest that Moscow has around 1 million Muslim residents and up to 1.5 million more Muslim migrant workers. Most of them work in the construction, cleaning and in the household industries. Ahmad Adil | 07.05.2021 NEW DELHI Dismissing propaganda launched by Hindu nationalists against the growing Muslim populace in India, former top bureaucrat and author Shahabuddin Yaqoob Quraishi said Hindus will always remain in the majority in the country. The number of Muslims allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply after the embargo of the Soviet era ended in 1991. Islam remains the largest non-Christian faith group at 6.5% of the population, versus 4.9% in 2011. Followers of our Prophet Muhammad came to Russia 22 years after he left earthly life.. [8], The history of Islam and Russia encompasses periods of conflict between the Muslim minority and the Orthodox majority, as well as periods of collaboration and mutual support. The annexation is internationally recognized only by North Korea. [30] Cossacks in Siberia included Tatar Muslims like in Bashkiria. Chechnya preserved its de facto independence until 1999. [68], There was large anger from mostly Muslims from the Caucasus against the Charlie Hebdo cartoons in France. Some of those who closely followed the teachings of Islam have lost their jobs; mosques have also been closed. [101] Buddhists are home to a sizeable population in three Siberian republics: Buryatia, Tuva, Zabaykalsky Krai, and in Kalmykia; the only region in Europe where Buddhism is the most practised religion. About 10% or more than two million are Shia Muslims. Low-Growth Muslim population countries will never count more than 10 per cent of Muslim population in the next 200 years. In a 2007 interview, Damir Gizatullin, from the Council of Muftis, discounted the rise of hostile nationalist sentiment. The Russian Muslim Spiritual Administration's advisory council pointed to absolutely different worldviews, cultures and education.. [36] Denis Davidov mentioned the arrows and bows wielded by the Bashkirs. While the Muslim population will grow faster than the non-Muslim population over the next 20 years, the population's rate of growth will be . [64] Smoking is another health issue in the country. United Ummah: We do not divide Muslims into Shias and Sunnis, for us they are all members of the United Muslim Ummah [community], Gaynetdin said. After his death, his successor, Dokka Umarov, declared continuing jihad to establish an Islamic fundamentalist Caucasus Emirate in the North Caucasus and beyond. [26] Cossack rank was awarded to Bashkirs. [27] Muslim Turkics and Buddhist Kalmyks served as Cossacks. [79] There are 22 republics in Russia, who have their own ethnicities, cultures, and languages. Within each district, each block or panchayat or whatever is the lowest administrative unit gets it in proportion to their population. In 1665 Tatars were allowed to buy Polish and Lithuanian slaves from the Russians. Also, in the middle of the Volga Region reside populations of Tatars and Bashkirs, the vast majority of whom are Muslims. Some Muslim ethnic groups have been among the most resistant minorities to becoming part of unfied Russia. Both Muslims and Christians are discriminated against although Muslims get the worst of it in part because there are more of them. According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. Although history of Islam religion in India dates back to 12th century, the nation is currently home to over 10% of the world's Muslim population. There are over 5,000 registered Muslim communities in Russia. Russia, the largest country in the world by area, had a population of 147.2 million according to the 2021 census, or 144.7 million when excluding Crimea and Sevastopol, up from 142.8 million in the 2010 census. [70][71] Turkic peoples form a large minority, and are spread around pockets across the vast nation. [61] However, Russia's historically high alcohol consumption rate is the biggest health issue in the country,[62][63] as it remains one of the world's highest, despite a stark decrease in the last decade. [82] Russian is the second-most used language on the Internet after English,[83] and is one of two official languages aboard the International Space Station,[84] as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Analysis of excess deaths from official government demographic statistics, based on births and deaths and excluding migration, showed that Russia had its biggest ever annual population drop in peacetime, with the population declining by 997,000 between October 2020 and September 2021, which demographer Alexei Raksha interpreted as being primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 1900 the Muslim population was 200 million, today they're about 2 billion, so in over a century they increased their population tenfold. The Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and Don Cossack hosts had Kalmyks in their ranks. Russian data includes occupied Crimea and Sevastopol starting in 2014, Ethnic groups in Russia of more than 1 million people in 2010, Percentage of ethnic Russians by region in 2010. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Islam regained a prestigious, legally recognized space in Russian politics. 18111913 . [56] Russia has one of the world's most female-biased sex ratios, with 0.859 males to every female,[12] due to its high male mortality rate. Several factors contribute to the fast growth in the Muslim population. [54], Russia spent 5.32% of its GDP on healthcare in 2018. An interim Russian-controlled administration was imposed in Chechnya in 2000, headed by the ex-Mufti and, therefore, religious leader of Sufism, Akhmad Kadyrov. Under the tsars, the Muslim clergy was brought within Russian bureaucratic structure and given salaries. Europe has lost almost 60% of its Jewish population over the past 50 years, mainly as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union after which many Jews . The Hindu population growth rate is expected to fall even further. [67], Russia had one of the highest number of confirmed cases in the world. These likely undercounts and overcounts should be taken into consideration when looking at growth rates, particularly in the affected countries. [49], Russia has encouraged or even forced people in occupied or annexed regions to become Russian citizens, a procedure known as passportization. [31], Bashkirs and Kalmyks in the Imperial Russian Army fought against Napoleon's Grande Arme during the French invasion of Russia. In: Pridemore, W.A. A Chechen refugee went to Red Square to meet his girlfriend and was slapped and stabbed through the heart by a Russian nationalist. . ", "Fact Check: No record of Putin's speech on Muslims", "Russian President Vladimir Putin Says No to Sharia-Fiction! [14] The first people to become Muslims within current Russian territory, the Dagestani people (region of Derbent), converted after the Arab conquest of the region in the 8th century. [9] It is the most populous country in Europe, and the ninth-most populous country in the world, with a population density of 8.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (22 per square mile). In fact, in 2020/2021, 45% of religious hate crimes recorded by the police in England and Wales were targeted against Muslims. Population Research and Policy Review, 2000, 19: 397419. Aside from a desire to evade criminal prosecution for opposing the invasion and fear of being conscripted after president Vladimir Putin's 21 September announcement of partial mobilization, those fleeing voiced reasons such as disagreement with the war, the uselessness and cruelty of the war, sympathy for Ukraine, disagreement with the political roots of the war with Ukraine, the rejection of killing, and an assessment that Russia is no longer the place for their family. According to the report, the Christian population increased by 2% in 2021. The period from the Russian conquest of Kazan in 1552 by Ivan the Terrible to the ascension of Catherine the Great in 1762 featured systematic Russian repression of Muslims through policies of exclusion and discrimination - as well as the destruction of Muslim culture by the elimination of outward manifestations of Islam such as mosques. The meeting's pan-Islamic complexion created concern in Moscow about the possible spread of radical Islam into Russia from the new Muslim states along the periphery of the former Soviet Union. Russian Army will be a majority Muslim Army by 2020. [59], The principal cause of death in Russia are cardiovascular diseases. 56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, . The areas controlled by separatist groups grew larger and the country became increasingly lawless. Russia is among the world's most educated countries, and has the third-highest proportion of tertiary-level graduates in terms of percentage of population, at 62%. The Sreda Arena Atlas 2012 did not count the populations of two Muslim-majority federal subjects of Russia, namely. A study conducted in 2000 by the Cooperative Congregational Studies Partnership identified 1,209 mosques in the U.S. that year. One migrant from the south told Newsweek, "When the police see our dark skin, they stop us and fine us for not having a residence permit. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Many Jordanian Muslims practice Sufism.. Experts agree that economic class and education levels, particularly of the mother, are the biggest determinants of fertility and hence population growth. Israel's population is 9.6 million. [94][95][96] Other branches of Christianity present in Russia include Catholicism (approx. [13] However, since 2020, due to excess deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia's population has undergone its largest peacetime decline in recorded history. Numerous callers to radio talk shows said all people from the Caucasus should be deported from Moscow. The Russian Opposition and most of the Russian population opposes worker migration. Money from the Middle East, particularly Saudi Arabia, has financed the building of mosques and helped Russian Muslims to become better organized. The total Land Area of Russia is 16,377,742 sq. Immigrants and migrant workers from Central Asia, which experts estimate at six to seven million, are mostly Muslim. The current population of the Russian Federation is 146,093,083 as of Tuesday, January 17, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. . Johnny B says Nov 6, 2021 at 11:13 am "Blacklock's Reporter says the Muslim population as a portion of the entire country has more than tripled since 1996 but remains outnumbered 9 to 1 by Catholics." Communist rule oppressed and suppressed Islam, like other religions in the Soviet Union.[when?] added that spirituality was still the need of the population in light of the increasing cost of living and the Ukraine-Russia conflict. 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