Curtius Rufus, a Roman historian from the first century AD, who wrote the Histories of Alexander the Great, gives this account of Alexander sitting on the throne of Darius III: Then Alexander seating himself on the royal throne, which was far too high for his bodily stature. [53], Alexander stopped at Thermopylae, where he was recognized as the leader of the Amphictyonic League before heading south to Corinth. [276] The resulting syncretism known as Greco-Buddhism influenced the development of Buddhism[277] and created a culture of Greco-Buddhist art. This also showed Alexander's eagerness to fight, in contrast to his father's preference for diplomacy. [17] Contemporaries who wrote accounts of his life included Alexander's campaign historian Callisthenes; Alexander's generals Ptolemy and Nearchus; Aristobulus, a junior officer on the campaigns; and Onesicritus, Alexander's chief helmsman. I HATE ALEXANDER 23 T-SHIRT $35.00. [61] Alexander then set out on his Asian campaign, leaving Antipater as regent. It is one of a group of disorders, called leukodystrophies, that involve the destruction of myelin. The gold series had the head of Athena on the obverse and a winged Nike (Victory) on the reverse. WebThe name Alexander is primarily a male name of Greek origin that means Defender Of The People. Its finely-grained structure lends a smooth, rich, beefy flavor. [192] The Macedonian phalanx, armed with the sarissa, a spear 6 metres (20ft) long, had been developed and perfected by Philip II through rigorous training, and Alexander used its speed and manoeuvrability to great effect against larger but more disparate Persian forces. The name Alexander is also found throughout the New Testament, and there are dozens of Christian saints who bear the name. At the time of his death, Alexander's empire covered some 5,200,000km2 (2,000,000sqmi),[257] and was the largest state of its time. Marching west into Illyria, Alexander defeated each in turn, forcing the two rulers to flee with their troops. 31.IONIA", "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), MIMAS", "The Mughal Sikander: Influence of the Romance of Alexander on Mughal Manuscript Painting", "Quintus Curtius Rufus, History of Alexander the Great", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_the_Great&oldid=1134035428, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Persian-language text, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The brave ruler who has attacked foreign lands, The ruler of the rulers of the entire land, The lion, great of might, who takes possession of mountains, lands, and deserts, The (strong) bull who protects Egypt, the ruler of the sea and of what the sun encircles, Construction of 1,000 ships larger than triremes, along with harbours and a road running along the African coast all the way to the, Amalgamation of small settlements into larger cities (", Construction of a monumental tomb for his father Philip, "to match the greatest of the, This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 18:17. While Philip was occupied in Thrace, Alexander was ordered to muster an army for a campaign in southern Greece. [17], This article is about the ancient king of Macedonia. Alexander himself took selected troops on the direct route to the city. Custom promotional products for any budget. Alexander of Aphrodisias. FIRE DEPT. [216] His intelligent and rational side was amply demonstrated by his ability and success as a general. ISBN 1-84176-091-9. [102] Alexander wrote a letter in 332 BC to Darius III, wherein he argued that he was worthier than Darius "to succeed to the Achaemenid throne". ABOUT US. on the country in which you live. [57] The Macedonians marched into the country of the Triballi, and defeated their army near the Lyginus river[58] (a tributary of the Danube). Around AD 200, Emperor Septimius Severus closed Alexander's tomb to the public. Alexander followed close behind and captured the strategic hill-fort after four bloody days. Many of these students would become his friends and future generals, and are often known as the "Companions". While he was sleeping, the goddess appeared and told him to found a city there and move into it the Smyrnaeans from the "old" city. WebCity of Alexander, North Dakota 58831. [128] The other was Nicaea (Victory), thought to be located at the site of modern-day Mong, Punjab. This is cited as a reason for sparing Jerusalem. Alexander I, Russian in full Aleksandr Pavlovich, (born December 23 [December 12, Old Style], 1777, St. Petersburg, Russiadied December 1 [November 19], 1825, Taganrog), emperor of Russia (180125), who alternately fought and befriended Napoleon I during the Napoleonic Wars but who ultimately (181315) helped form the Some of the first and most influential figurative portrayals of the Buddha appeared at this time, perhaps modelled on Greek statues of Apollo in the Greco-Buddhist style. [291][292] He began openly mimicking Alexander in his personal style. [143] During his visit to Pasargadae, Alexander ordered his architect Aristobulus to decorate the interior of the sepulchral chamber of Cyrus's tomb. Geoff W. Adams, The Roman Emperor Gaius "Caligula" and His Hellenistic Aspirations, pp 46. As a young boy, Alexander was taught to read, write, and play the lyre. All three of these people had motive to have Philip murdered. Alexander eventually agreed and turned south, marching along the Indus. [107], The foundation of the "new" Smyrna was also associated with Alexander. FIRE DEPT. Trending. [138][139] As a gesture of thanks, he paid off the debts of his soldiers, and announced that he would send over-aged and disabled veterans back to Macedon, led by Craterus. [70], In spring 333 BC, Alexander crossed the Taurus into Cilicia. Alexander responded quickly and drove them from their territory. [167][168] According to Aelian, a seer called Aristander foretold that the land where Alexander was laid to rest "would be happy and unvanquishable forever". There are many alternate spellings of Alexander depending. Leycester Coltman, The Real Fidel Castro, p 220. In 335 BC, shortly after his assumption of kingship over Macedon, he campaigned in the Balkans and reasserted control over Thrace and Illyria before marching on the city of Thebes, which was subsequently destroyed in battle. Fearing the prospect of facing other large armies and exhausted by years of campaigning, Alexander's army mutinied at the Hyphasis River (Beas), refusing to march farther east. Alexander founded a series of new cities, all called Alexandria, including modern Kandahar in Afghanistan, and Alexandria Eschate ("The Furthest") in modern Tajikistan. [313] Later Persian writers associate him with philosophy, portraying him at a symposium with figures such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, in search of immortality. Conquest of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, Unsuccessful plan to cut a canal through the Anatolian isthmus, Naming of the Icarus island in the Persian Gulf, The first known person to call Alexander "the Great" was a Roman playwright named, Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila S. (2009), A History of Macedonia: Volume III: 336167 B.C. Commerce. The Theban resistance was ineffective, and Alexander razed the city and divided its territory between the other Boeotian cities. City of Alexander, North Dakota 58831. top of page. Starting from Amphipolis, he travelled east into the country of the "Independent Thracians"; and at Mount Haemus, the Macedonian army attacked and defeated the Thracian forces manning the heights. Meanwhile, the city of Amphissa began to work lands that were sacred to Apollo near Delphi, a sacrilege that gave Philip the opportunity to further intervene in Greek affairs. HOME. Alexander not only returned Ambhi his title and the gifts but he also presented him with a wardrobe of "Persian robes, gold and silver ornaments, 30 horses and 1,000 talents in gold". We are proud to be a store that reflects our interests and those of our community. [116] The reverse design of Alexander's tetradrachms is closely modelled on the depiction of the god Baaltars (Baal of Tarsus), on the silver staters minted at Tarsus by the Persian satrap Mazaeus before Alexander's conquest. He lost another child when Roxana miscarried at Babylon. [30], Upon Philip's return, Alexander was dispatched with a small force to subdue the revolts in southern Thrace. Greek-speaking communities in central Anatolia and in far-eastern Anatolia survived until the Greek genocide and GreekTurkish population exchanges of the early 20th century AD. Alexander has figured in both high and popular culture beginning in his own era to the present day. WebAlexander Forbes is committed to protecting the integrity of all client information within an international best practice compliance framework. In the winter of 327/326BC, Alexander personally led a campaign against the Aspasioi of Kunar valleys, the Guraeans of the Guraeus valley, and the Assakenoi of the Swat and Buner valleys. Buy Now. A juicy, generously marbled steak and one of the tenderest cuts of beef. Menu. WebAlexander is a male given name.The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history.. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander and Aleksandr.Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexandre, The so-called "Alexander Sarcophagus", discovered near Sidon and now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museum, is so named not because it was thought to have contained Alexander's remains, but because its bas-reliefs depict Alexander and his companions fighting the Persians and hunting. It was originally thought to have been the sarcophagus of Abdalonymus (died 311 BC), the king of Sidon appointed by Alexander immediately following the battle of Issus in 331. [106] This was one aspect of Alexander's broad strategy aimed at securing the aid and support of the Iranian upper classes. Buy Now. The correct answer is "He is alive and well and rules the world!" [144][244] This event may have contributed to Alexander's failing health and detached mental state during his final months. The Alexander Romance, in particular, has had a significant impact on portrayals of Alexander in later cultures, from Persian to medieval European to modern Greek. [266][267], Suda wrote that Alexander built a big temple to Sarapis. WebAlexanders Normal, IL: Dinner Menu: Friday, Saturday & Sunday Lunch Menu 11a-4p: N/A: Wine List: Wines by the Glass: Kids Menu : Ribeye. [234], Alexander married three times: Roxana, daughter of the Sogdian nobleman Oxyartes of Bactria,[235][236][237] out of love;[238] and the Persian princesses Stateira and Parysatis, the former a daughter of Darius III and the latter a daughter of Artaxerxes III, for political reasons. Olympias had Cleopatra Eurydice, and Europa, her daughter by Philip, burned alive. Gender: Alexander is frequently used as a boy name. Alexander was proclaimed king on the spot by the nobles and army at the age of 20. [205][206][207], Many scholars and historians attribute heterochromia to him. See All ABOUT US; CONTACT US; CITY BOARDS; NEWS & EVENTS. Constantinople 1453: The End of Byzantium. In return for teaching Alexander, Philip agreed to rebuild Aristotle's hometown of Stageira, which Philip had razed, and to repopulate it by buying and freeing the ex-citizens who were slaves, or pardoning those who were in exile. Julius Caesar went to serve his quaestorship in Hispania after his wife's funeral, in the spring or early summer of 69 BC. After the assassination of Perdiccas in 321BC, Macedonian unity collapsed, and 40years of war between "The Successors" (Diadochi) ensued before the Hellenistic world settled into four stable power blocs: Ptolemaic Egypt, Seleucid Mesopotamia and Central Asia, Attalid Anatolia, and Antigonid Macedon. [279] For example, Greek astronomical instruments dating to the 3rd century BC were found in the Greco-Bactrian city of Ai Khanoum in modern-day Afghanistan,[280] while the Greek concept of a spherical Earth surrounded by the spheres of planets eventually supplanted the long-standing Indian cosmological belief of a disc consisting of four continents grouped around a central mountain (Mount Meru) like the petals of a flower. Suetonius, The Lives of Twelve Caesars, Life of Caligula 19. [195], At Issus in 333 BC, his first confrontation with Darius, he used the same deployment, and again the central phalanx pushed through. Commerce. [295] This act was in defiance of a prediction by Tiberius's soothsayer Thrasyllus of Mendes that Caligula had "no more chance of becoming emperor than of riding a horse across the Bay of Baiae". [136], Discovering that many of his satraps and military governors had misbehaved in his absence, Alexander executed several of them as examples on his way to Susa. WebAlexander 23 Hate Me If It Helps [Official Music Video] Alexander 23 Aint Christmast (with Laufey) [Official Lyric Video] AFTERSHOCK HOODIE $60.00. There are many alternate spellings of Alexander depending. [116] Alexander minted gold staters, silver tetradrachms and drachims, and various fractional bronze coins. Taking advantage of this power vacuum, Chandragupta Maurya (referred to in Greek sources as "Sandrokottos"), of relatively humble origin, took control of the Punjab, and with that power base proceeded to conquer the Nanda Empire. [262], In 334 BC, Alexander the Great donated funds for the completion of the new temple of Athena Polias in Priene, in modern-day western Turkey. [153][162], Alexander's sexuality has been the subject of speculation and controversy in modern times. A 1998 article in the New England Journal of Medicine attributed his death to typhoid fever complicated by bowel perforation and ascending paralysis. When news of the revolts reached Alexander, he responded quickly. [85] He sent the bulk of his army to the Persian ceremonial capital of Persepolis via the Persian Royal Road. AFTERSHOCK STICKER PACK $20.00. [62] Antipater referred the Spartans' punishment to the League of Corinth, which then deferred to Alexander, who chose to pardon them. WebAlexander PCs is proud to be an official NVIDIA partner. "[55] At Corinth, Alexander took the title of Hegemon ("leader") and, like Philip, was appointed commander for the coming war against Persia. Suspicion has fallen upon Alexander, Olympias and even the newly crowned Persian Emperor, Darius III. Goldsworthy, Adrian (2009). According to the legend, after Alexander hunted on the Mount Pagus, he slept under a plane tree at the sanctuary of Nemesis. A juicy, generously marbled steak and one of the tenderest cuts of beef. [309] In Sunni Islamic Persia, under the influence of the Alexander Romance (in Persian: Iskandarnamah), a more positive portrayal of Alexander emerges. During his stay in Egypt, he founded Alexandria, which would become the prosperous capital of the Ptolemaic Kingdom after his death. Ronald H. Fritze, Egyptomania: A History of Fascination, Obsession and Fantasy, p 103. [268], Hellenization was coined by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen to denote the spread of Greek language, culture, and population into the former Persian empire after Alexander's conquest. [147], Given the propensity of the Macedonian aristocracy to assassination,[150] foul play featured in multiple accounts of his death. [208][209][210] In The Anabasis of Alexander, Arrian is quoted as saying, "he had one eye dark as the night, and one blue as the sky". The territory was colonized, and a city, named Alexandropolis, was founded. [279][281][282] The Yavanajataka (lit. [94], Alexander then chased Darius, first into Media, and then Parthia. [148] In the second account, Diodorus recounts that Alexander was struck with pain after downing a large bowl of unmixed wine in honour of Heracles followed by 11 days of weakness; he did not develop a fever, instead dying after some agony. "[102], Alexander viewed Bessus as a usurper and set out to defeat him. I HATE ALEXANDER 23 T-SHIRT $35.00. [a] He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. [36][37], When Philip returned to Pella, he fell in love with and married Cleopatra Eurydice in 338 BC,[38] the niece of his general Attalus. [220] He had great self-restraint in "pleasures of the body", in contrast with his lack of self-control with alcohol. [113] Alexander sent back vast sums from his conquest, which stimulated the economy and increased trade across his empire. [42] He continued to Illyria,[42] where he sought refuge with one or more Illyrian kings, perhaps with Glaukias, and was treated as a guest, despite having defeated them in battle a few years before. Of Christian saints who bear the name throughout the New Testament, and various fractional coins... Of these People had motive to have Philip murdered the Theban resistance was ineffective, and razed..., This article is about the ancient king of Macedonia GreekTurkish population of! His empire along the Indus would become his friends and future generals, and then Parthia [ ]. By the nobles and army at the sanctuary of Nemesis army to the day. Greek-Speaking communities in central Anatolia and in far-eastern Anatolia survived until the Greek genocide and GreekTurkish population exchanges the. Media, and various fractional bronze coins read, write, and Parthia... [ 153 ] [ 281 ] [ 206 ] [ 207 ], the. ] [ 207 ], in spring 333 BC, Alexander was proclaimed king on the spot by nobles... 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how is alexander bustamante honoured today